ASP.NET 2.0 Interview Materials:

1.) What is the name of the property of ASP.NET page that you can query to determine that a ASP.NET page is being requested not data being submitted to web server?
A. FirstGet
B. Initialized
C. IncludesData
D. IsPostBack IsPostBack

2.) While creating a Web site with the help of Visual Studio 2005 on a remote computer that does not have Front Page Server Extensions installed, which Web site type will you create in Visual Studio 2005?
A. Remote HTTP
B. File
C. FTP
D. Local HTTPHypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

3.) If you want to create a new Web site with the help of Visual Studio 2005 on a Web server that is hosted by your ISP (Internet Services provider) and the Web server has Front Page Server Extensions installed, what type of Web site type would you create in Visual Studio 2005?
A. Local HTTP
B. File
C. FTP
D. Remote HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

4.) For separating server-side code from client-side code on a ASP.NET page, what programming model should you use?
A. Separation model
B. Code-Behind model
C. In-Line model
D. ClientServer model

5.) Asha created a new Web site using Visual Studio 2005 in programming language C#. Later, Asha received an existing Web page from his boss, which consisted of the Contact.aspx file with the Contact.aspx.vb code-behind page. What must Asha do to use these files?
A. Asha can simply add the files Contact.aspx, Contact.aspx.vb into the existing Web site, because ASP.NET 2.0 supports Web sites that have Web pages that were programmed with different languages.
B. The Contact.aspx file will work, but Asha must rewrite the code-behind page using C#.
C. Both files Contact.aspx and Contact.aspx.vb must be rewritten in C#.
D. Asha must create a new Web site that contains these files Contact.aspx and Contact.aspx.vb. Set a Web reference to the new site.

6.) If you want to make a configuration setting change in your server that will affect to all Web and Windows applications on the current machine. Where you will make the changes?
A. Global.asax
B. Web.config
C. Machine.config
D. Global.asax

7.) If you want to make a configuration setting change that will affect only the current Web application. Which file will you change?
A. Web.config that is in the same folder as the Machine.config file
B. Web.config in the root of the Web application
C. Machine.config
D. Global.asax

8.) For making a configuration setting change that will affect only the current Web application. Is there any tool that has a user-friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI)?
A. The Microsoft Management Utility
B. Microsoft Word
C. Visual Studio, using the Tools > Options path
D. Web Site Administration Tool.

9.) How will you identify which event in the ASP.NET Web page life cycle takes the longest time to execute?
A. Turn on ASP.NET trace and run the Web application.
B. Add a few code to each of the page life-cycle events that will print the current time.
C. In the Web.config file, add the monitorTimings attribute and set it to True.
D. In the Web site properties, turn on the performance monitor and run the Web application. After that, open performance monitor to see the timings.

10.) You are interested in examining the data that is posted to the Web server. What trace result section can you use to see this information?
A. Control Tree
B. Headers Collection
C. Form Collection
D. Server Variables

11.) While creating web site you need to add an HTML Web server control to the Web page, you need to drag an HTML element from the ToolBox of Visual Studio 2005 to the Web page and then which of the following tasks you will perform?
A. Right-click the HTML element and click Run=Server.
B. Double-click the HTML element to convert it to an HTML server control.
C. Right-click the HTML element and click Run As Server Control.
D. Click the HTML element and set ServerControl to true in the Properties window.

12.) While testing your ASP.NET web application you noticed that while clicking on CheckBox of one of the web page it does not cause a PostBack; you required that the CheckBox should make PostBack so Web page can be update on the server-side code. How can you make the CheckBox to cause a PostBack?
A. Set the AutoPostBack property to true.
B. Add JavaScript code to call the ForcePostBack method.
C. Set the PostBackAll property of the Web page to true.
D. Add server-side code to listen for the click event from the client.

13.) While writing code in Visual Studio 2005 you creates a new instance of a ASP.NET TextBox server control, what do you need to do to get the TextBox to display on the Web page?
A. Call the ShowControl method on the TextBox.
B. Set the VisibleControl to true on the TextBox.
C. Add the TextBox instance to the form1.Controls collection.
D. Execute the AddControl method on the Web page.

14.) While creating your ASP.NET web based application you want to create multiple RadioButton server controls which should be mutually exclusive, what property of RadioButton server controls you must set?
A. Exclusive
B. MutuallyExclusive
C. Grouped
D. GroupName

15.) While creating an ASP.NET web application with the help of Visual Studio 2005 you are creates a Web page that has several related buttons, such as fast-forward, reverse, play, stop, and pause. There should be one event handler that handles the processes of PostBack from these Button server controls. Other than the normal Submit button, what type of button can you create?
A. OneToMany
B. Command
C. Reset
D. ManyToOne

16.) In the Design view in Visual Studio 2005 of an ASP.NET web page, what is the easiest way to create an event handler for the default event of a ASP.NET server control?
A. Open the code-behind page and write the code.
B. Right-click the control and select Create Handler.
C. Drag an event handler from the ToolBox to the desired control.
D. Double-click the control.

17.) Which of the following represents the best use of the Table, TableRow, and Table-Cell controls?
A. To create and populate a Table in Design view
B. To create a customized control that needs to display data in a tabular fashion
C. To create and populate a Table with images
D. To display a tabular result set

18.) For your ASP.NET web application your graphics designer created elaborate images that show the product lines of your company. Some of graphics of the product line are rectangular, circular, and others are having complex shapes. You need to use these images as a menu on your Web site. What is the best way of incorporating these images into your Web site?
A. Use ImageButton and use the x- and y-coordinates that are returned when the user clicks to figure out what product line the user clicked.
B. Use the Table, TableRow, and TableCell controls, break the image into pieces that are displayed in the cells, and use the TableCell control’s Click event to identify the product line that was clicked.
C. Use the MultiView control and break up the image into pieces that can be displayed in each View control for each product line. Use the Click event of the View to identify the product line that was clicked.
D. Use an ImageMap control and define hot spot areas for each of the product lines. Use the PostBackValue to identify the product line that was clicked.

19.) You are writing ASP.NET 2.0 Web site that collects lots of data from users, and the data collection forms spreads over multiple ASP.NET Web pages. When the user reaches the last page, you need to gather all of data, validate the data, and save the data to the SQL Server database. You have noticed that it can be rather difficult to gather the data that is spread over multiple pages and you want to simplify this application. What is the easiest control to implement that can be used to collect the data on a single Web page?
A. The View control
B. The TextBox control
C. The Wizard control
D. The DataCollection control

20.) In your ASP.NET 2.0 web application you want to display an image that is selected from a collection of images. What approach will you use to implementing this?
A. Use the ImageMap control and randomly select a HotSpot to show or hide.
B. Use the Image control to hold the image and a Calendar control to randomly select a date for each image to be displayed.
C. Use the AdServer control and create an XML file with configuration of the control.
D. Use an ImageButton control to predict randomness of the image to be loaded based on the clicks of the control.

21.) In your ASP.NET web application you want to display a list of clients on a Web page. The client list displays 10 clients at a time, and you require the ability to edit the clients. Which Web control is the best choice for this scenario?
A. The DetailsView control
B. The Table control
C. The GridView control
D. The FormView control

22.) While developing ASP.NET 2.0 web application you want to display a list of parts in a master/detail scenario where the user can select a part number using a list that takes a minimum amount of space on the Web page. When the part is selected, a DetailsView control displays all the information about the part and allows the user to edit the part. Which Web control is the best choice to display the part number list for this scenario?
A. The DropDownList control
B. The RadioButtonList control
C. The FormView control
D. The TextBox control .

23.) While developing ASP.NET 2.0 web application you have a DataSet containing a Customer DataTable and an Order DataTable. You want to easily navigate from an Order DataRow to the Customer who placed the order. What object will allow you to easily navigate from the Order to the Customer?
A. The DataColumn object
B. The DataTable object
C. The DataRow object
D. The DataRelation object.

24.) Which of the following is a requirement when merging modified data into a DataSet?
A. A primary key must be defined on the DataTable objects.
B. The DataSet schemas must match in order to merge.
C. The destination DataSet must be empty prior to merging.
D. A DataSet must be merged into the same DataSet that created it.

25.) You are working with a DataSet and want to be able to display data, sorted different ways. How do you do so?
A. Use the Sort method on the DataTable object.
B. Use the DataSet object’s Sort method.
C. Use a DataView object for each sort.
D. Create a DataTable for each sort, using the DataTable object’s Copy method, and then Sort the result.

26.) Which of the following ways can you proactively clean up a database connection’s resources?
A. Execute the DbConnection object’s Cleanup method.
B. Execute the DbConnection object’s Close method.
C. Assign Nothing (C# null) to the variable that references the DbConnection object. D. Create a using block for the DbConnection object.

27.) What event can you subscribe to if you want to display information from SQL Print statements?
A. InfoMessage
B. MessageReceived
C. PostedMessage
D. NewInfo

28.) To perform asynchronous data access, what must be added to the connection string?
A. BeginExecute=true
B. MultiThreaded=true
C. MultipleActiveResultSets=true
D. Asynchronous=true

29.) Which class can be used to create an XML document from scratch?
A. XmlConvert
B. XmlDocument
C. XmlNew
D. XmlSettings

30.) Which class can be used to perform data type conversion between .NET data types and XML types?
A. XmlType
B. XmlCast
C. XmlConvert
D. XmlSettings

ASP.NET 2.0 Interview Questions & Answers:

1. What are the new Data Controls in Asp.net 2.0?
Data access in ASP.NET 2.0 can be accomplished completely declaratively (no code) using the new data-bound and data source controls. There are new data source controls to represent different data backends such as SQL database, business objects, and XML, and there are new data-bound controls for rendering common UI for data, such as gridview, detailsview, and formview.

2. What are the new Navigation Controls in Asp.net 2.0?
The navigation controls provide common UI for navigating between pages in your site, such as treeview, menu, and sitemappath. These controls use the site navigation service in ASP.NET 2.0 to retrieve the custom structure you have defined for your site.

3. What are the new Login Controlsin Asp.net 2.0?
The new login controls provide the building blocks to add authentication and authorization-based UI to your site, such as login forms, create user forms, password retrieval, and custom UI for logged in users or roles. These controls use the built-in membership and role services in ASP.NET 2.0 to interact with the user and role information defined for your site.

4. What are the new Web Part Controls in Asp.net 2.0 ?
Web parts are an exciting new family of controls that enable you to add rich, personalized content and layout to your site, as well as the ability to edit that content and layout directly from your application pages. These controls rely on the personalization services in ASP.NET 2.0 to provide a unique experience for each user in your application.

5. What are Master Pages?
This feature provides the ability to define common structure and interface elements for your site, such as a page header, footer, or navigation bar, in a common location called a "master page", to be shared by many pages in your site. In one simple place you can control the look, feel, and much of functionality for an entire Web site. This improves the maintainability of your site and avoids unnecessary duplication of code for shared site structure or behavior.

6. What are Themes and Skins in 2.0, explain usgae scenario?
The themes and skins features in ASP.NET 2.0 allow for easy customization of your site's look-and-feel. You can define style information in a common location called a "theme", and apply that style information globally to pages or controls in your site. Like Master Pages, this improves the maintainability of your site and avoid unnecessary duplication of code for shared styles.

7. What is a profile object, why is it used?
Using the new personalization services in ASP.NET 2.0 you can easily create customized experiences within Web applications. The Profile object enables developers to easily build strongly-typed, sticky data stores for user accounts and build highly customized, relationship based experiences. At the same time, a developer can leverage Web Parts and the personalization service to enable Web site visitors to completely control the layout and behavior of the site, with the knowledge that the site is completely customized for them. Personalizaton scenarios are now easier to build than ever before and require significantly less code and effort to implement.

8. What is Configuration API?
ASP.NET 2.0 contains new configuration management APIs, enabling users to programmatically build programs or scripts that create, read, and update Web.config and machine.config configuration files.

9. What is MMC Admin Tool?
ASP.NET 2.0 provides a new comprehensive admin tool that plugs into the existing IIS Administration MMC, enabling an administrator to graphically read or change common settings within our XML configuration files.

10. Explain the use of Pre-compilation Tool?
ASP.NET 2.0 delivers a new application deployment utility that enables both developers and administrators to precompile a dynamic ASP.NET application prior to deployment. This precompilation automatically identifies any compilation issues anywhere within the site, as well as enables ASP.NET applications to be deployed without any source being stored on the server (one can optionally remove the content of .aspx files as part of the compile phase), further protecting your intellectual property.

11. How is application management and maintenance improved in Asp.net 2.0?
ASP.NET 2.0 also provides new health-monitoring support to enable administrators to be automatically notified when an application on a server starts to experience problems. New tracing features will enable administrators to capture run-time and request data from a production server to better diagnose issues. ASP.NET 2.0 is delivering features that will enable developers and administrators to simplify the day-to-day management and maintenance of their Web applications.

12. What are Provider-driven Application Services? explain in detail?
ASP.NET 2.0 now includes built-in support for membership (user name/password credential storage) and role management services out of the box. The new personalization service enables quick storage/retrieval of user settings and preferences, facilitating rich customization with minimal code. The new site navigation system enables developers to quickly build link structures consistently across a site. As all of these services are provider-driven, they can be easily swapped out and replaced with your own custom implementation. With this extensibility option, you have complete control over the data store and schema that drives these rich application services.

13. Explain Server Control Extensibility with reference to Asp.net 2.0 ?
ASP.NET 2.0 includes improved support for control extensibility, such as more base classes that encapsulate common behaviors, improved designer support, more APIs for interacting with client-side script, metadata-driven support for new features like themes and accessibility verification, better state management, and more.

14. What are the Data Source Controls?
Data access in ASP.NET 2.0 is now performed declaratively using data source controls on a page. In this model, support for new data backend storage providers can be easily added by implementing custom data source controls. Additionally, the SqlDataSource control that ships in the box has built-in support for any ADO.NET managed provider that implements the new provider factory model in ADO.NET.

15. What are Compilation Build Providers?
Dynamic compilation in ASP.NET 2.0 is now handled by extensible compilation build providers, which associate a particular file extension with a handler that knows how to compile that extension dynamically at runtime. For example, .resx files can be dynamically compiled to resources, .wsdl files to web service proxies, and .xsd files to typed DataSet objects. In addition to the built-in support, it is easy to add support for additional extensions by implementing a custom build provider and registering it in Web.config.

16. What is Expression Builders, why would you use it?
ASP.NET 2.0 introduces a declarative new syntax for referencing code to substitute values into the page, called Expression Builders. ASP.NET 2.0 includes expression builders for referencing string resources for localization, connection strings, application settings, and profile values. You can also write your own expression builders to create your own custom syntax to substitute values in a page rendering.

17. Is ASP.NET 64-Bit enabled? how?
ASP.NET 2.0 is now 64-bit enabled, meaning it can take advantage of the full memory address space of new 64-bit processors and servers. Developers can simply copy existing 32-bit ASP.NET applications onto a 64-bit ASP.NET 2.0 server and have them automatically be JIT compiled and executed as native 64-bit applications (no source code changes or manual re-compile are required).

18. Explain how Caching in Asp.net 2.0 is different from Caching in Asp.net 1.1?
ASP.NET 2.0 also now includes automatic database server cache invalidation. This powerful and easy-to-use feature allows developers to aggressively output cache database-driven page and partial page content within a site and have ASP.NET automatically invalidate these cache entries and refresh the content whenever the back-end database changes. Developers can now safely cache time-critical content for long periods without worrying about serving visitors stale data.

.Net Remoting

OverView:

Distributed application is a set of components distributed across network and work as if all the components are there on the same computer. These components based technologies can be developed using DCOM, CORBA, RMI etc. These technologies are good for intranet environment. Microsoft has provided suitable framework for developing distributed application through .Net Remoting and Web Services. Remoting.net allows components to interact across application domains, processes, and machine boundaries. It enables your applications to take advantage of remote resources in a networked environment. Web Services are best suited when clients outside the firewall calling components on the server over the Internet.Remoting.Net is the best solution when clients and components are inside the firewall. It requires the client to be built using .NET which means it can’t work in heterogeneous environments. .Net Remoting uses channels (HTTP and TCP channels) to transport messages to and from remotable objects. The HTTP channel uses the SOAP protocol to transport messages which means all messages are serialized to XML. The TCP channel uses a binary stream to transport the messages. .Net Remoting supports two activation modes: Singleton and SingleCall. Singleton mode allows only one instance of an object at any time which means all requests are serviced by the single instance. You can maintain state across each request using this mode. SingleCall Mode creates a new instance of the object for each client request and are stateless. .NET Remoting when hosted with IIS, can use all the security features of ASP.NET. But you need to implement your own security features for the application if channel is hosted in the process other than aspnet_wp.exe.

When to use .Net Remoting over Web services.

Net Remoting provides distributed solution for a corporate use. So, if you need distributed environment to be implemented for internal use, .Net remoting is the best choice. If you require a faster distributed solution, .Net Remoting with TCP protocal using binary format is faster than Web services. .Net Remoting is better solution when large transfer of data is required.

What is .Net Remoting?
.Net Remoting enables communication between applications across separate domains or networks. .Net objects are exposed to remote processes to have interprocess communication. With remoting, we can use TCP or HTTP communications protocols on any port. We can use text or binary formatting. .Net Remoting supports server activated (single call and singleton) as well as client activated objects.

Describe the .Net Remoting Architecture.
.Net Remoing allows communication between server and client objects. To facilitate this, when new instance of remote object is created in the client application, the client receives reference (called proxy) to the server object. This proxy object contains references to all the methods and properties of the server object. When the client object calls any method (the call actually on proxy object), which resolves the references and invokes server object, receives the result and pass on to the client application.

What are the remotable and non-remotable objects in .Net Remoting.
The remotable objects are the objects which can be distributed accross domains, can be used with domain. The non-remotable objects are the objects which can't be distributed accross domains. In distributed system, if an object is very big, we can make it non-remotable object.
Describe the type of remotable objects in .Net Remoting.
Marshal-by-value-objects - When client calls a method on marshal-by-value-object, the remoting system creates a copy of this object and passes the copy to the client application domain. The copy hence received can handle any method call in client domain. Using Marshal-by-value-object reduces resource consuming trip across network. Marshal-by-reference-object - When client calls a method on Marshal by reference object, the remoting system create proxy object in the caller application that contains the reference of all method and properties of the object.

What are the types of activation modes in .Net remoting?
Server Activation Mode: In this mode, objects are created on the server when we call a method in the server class and not when we create instance using new. In this type of scenario, the client is always connected with server but the services are activated only when we call the method of the server class. We can create server activated object as a Singleton or SingleCall object. If we create server object as singleton, a single instance will manage all the clients. If we create server object as singlecall, the remoting system creates object each time a client method invokes a remote object.
Client Activation Mode: This object gets created when we create instance using new keyword. In this mode, client application domain defines the lifetimes of client activated objects. The client domain defines the lifetimes of client-activated objects. They use lifetime leases to determine the duration of their existence and after the lifetime expires, the object is marked for GC.

Describe the term Channel in .Net Remoting.
In .Net Remoting, an application use Channel to send message to another application which is runing in different domain or process. Before sending message, Channel converts message into appropriate format like XML or binary format. The channel that carries message(Mashalled parameter) can use protocal like TCP and HTTP. Channel can be HTTPChannel and TCPChannel. The HTTPChannel use soapFormatter to serialize messages into the XML format using SOAP protocal. Using SOAP method allows the client to call method on the remote object that might not be using .Net framework. The TCPChannel use binaryFormatter to serialize message into binary stream.

How does .Net Remoting works?
Remoting.Net allows components to interact across application domains, processes, and machine boundaries, thus allows applications to access remote resources in a networked environment. The interaction of components is made possible through proxy in remoting architecture. When a client calls the remote method, it’s the proxy that receives the call. The proxy then encodes the message using formatter. The messages are then sent over the channel to the server process where listening channel receives the call and passes it to the remoting system. The requested method is then invoked and results are returned back to the client.
.Net Remoting provides an infrastructure where objects of different AppDomains can interact. A client interacts with server object using .Net Remoting architecture. An object interacts with other objects outside AppDomains using proxy since the objects can't access directly anything outside AppDomain.
Point to be noted.A remote object is implemented by inheriting MarshalByRefObject class.A client has to obtain proxy activating a remote object by calling CreateInstance, GetObject, or new.Local objects can be passed as parameters when making remote calls. Local objects are passed by value in a remote call.The object passed as parameter in a remote call must be serialized.
Activation ModelYou need to activate remote object before use. There are two activation modes in .Net RemotingServer Activation In this mode, objects are created automatically when a client attempts to access the object. The object doesn't get created when you use new keyword to create instance of the server class. Client ActivationIn this mode, objects are created when you use new keyword to create instance of the server class.
A server object is created and deployed on the network that serves client requests. The server objects have to be registered with the CLR before it can be accessed by client. The details that have to be provided to the CLR are
Name of the assembly that should be loaded to activate the objectThe namespace and type name of the objectThe name of the endpoint where the object can be accessed The channels to be used by client to communicate have to be registered.The registered channels then start listening for clients to connect.
Once a remote object has been deployed, clients can connect and invoke methods on the server object.
In order to access remote object, the client first activates the object by calling new, GetObject, or CreateInstance. On activation request, a proxy is created to represent the remote object. The client message in the serialized form is transported to the server. The type of serialization depends on the channel. For example, when the HTTP channel is used, all messages are serialized to XML and transported over SOAP. On the other hand, TCP uses binary serialization.
On the server side, the requested method is then invoked and results are packaged in a message and returned back by to the client. If the target object is of type SingleCall, it will automatically be garbage collected after the call completes.

Approaches to access server objects in Remoting.Net
First one to have copy of server object on the client machine and accessing local copy of object to call method. This method is good suited when the object is not very big not having too many methods. Copying big object is wastage of client resources which includes network resources and processing time. The second approach is to create a proxy object that returns reference of all the methods and properties of server object in the client domain. The proxy acts as local object, fake server object on the client machine. Any method call from the client will be served by proxy which in turn access server domain to get response from server object. This approach is good when the object is big with many methods.